Daily Verse Daily Verse by Faithlife | Judges 6:13-14
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6:13 Excuse me, my lord The word adoni is the generic term for “lord” and the appropriate address to an authority figure (e.g., Gen 18:12; 23:6; 32:5), not the divine name.
all his wonderful deeds Gideon contrasts the miracles his generation has heard about with Israel’s current situation, which to him proves God’s apathy (Psa 44:1–3, 9–16). Gideon apparently knows the real reason for Israel’s oppression—articulated by God’s prophet in Judg 6:8–10.
Barry, J. D., Mangum, D., Brown, D. R., Heiser, M. S., Custis, M., Ritzema, E., … Bomar, D. (2012, 2016). Faithlife Study Bible (Jdg 6:13). Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press.
13 Gideon begs to differ. Block may be a bit strong in describing Gideon’s answer as “a cheeky and sarcastic focus on the theological incongruity” (260). Younger (175–76) enumerates several of Gideon’s more negative characteristics that anticipate later plot complications: an ignorance of Israel’s sin problem, little awareness of God’s recent mighty acts for Israel, an understanding that makes Yahweh less than god, an attempt to evade personal responsibility, and a preoccupation with tangible manifestations of the divine. Gideon takes the address as meaning the entire nation, not just himself personally, though the messenger has addressed him with the singular “you” in Hebrew. This does not justify the conclusion that Gideon “deliberately quotes him incorrectly to avoid the apparent implication that the angel addresses and calls him personally to action” (Bluedorn, Yahweh versus Baalism, 79). Rather, Gideon assumes that personal presence with God and personal power as a mighty hero of war could come only when the nation itself experienced God’s presence and God’s victories.
Nothing about present circumstances indicates Yahweh’s presence. Here is one who had not experienced God’s mighty acts for his people (2:10), but at least he remembers hearing his forefathers tell how God had performed miracles to lead Israel up from Egypt. But “for Gideon’s generation, the stories of the Exodus were already just that, stories” (Schneider, 104). The forefathers painted an entirely different picture from that which Gideon has experienced. He knows only of a period when Yahweh has forsaken his people (1 Sam 12:22; 1 Kgs 8:57; 2 Kgs 21:14; Pss 27:9; 94:14; Isa 2:6; Jer 7:29; 23:33, 39). The evidence is clear, for Yahweh had handed them over to Midian. In such a circumstance Gideon has no desire to be a mighty hero in Israel’s army. Staying in hiding seems the circumspect thing to do. In fact, as Younger points out, “although Gideon is aware of some of the traditions of Yahweh, for all practical purposes he and his family are worshipers of Baal and Asherah” (179), though Gideon and his family would probably see themselves as faithful worshipers of Yahweh at the same time. They simply are not at this time in Israel’s nascent history monotheistic Yahwists.
14 Now Yahweh speaks clearly for himself, no longer hidden behind the “messenger.” He has a clear commission for Gideon. Younger points out that “Gideon is the only judge in the book of Judges who is called by God personally through a theophany” (173; compare Bluedorn, Yahweh versus Baalism, 74 and n. 43). He is to “go in your … strength” and deliver Israel from the hand of Midian. Before Gideon can complain, Yahweh interjects the pregnant question: “Have I not sent you?” Here is the point of narrative tension, where the narrative changes from describing the call to describing the reaction to the call. The dominating question is not so much, will Gideon accept the call? Rather, the reader asks, will Gideon accept the call on God’s terms, or will he accept it dependent on his own strength and looking for his own glory? Those familiar with the call-narrative genre expect plot complications before the call is accepted.
Butler, T. C. (2009). Judges (Vol. 8, pp. 202–203). Nashville; Dallas; Mexico City; Rio De Janeiro; Beijing: Thomas Nelson.
Passage Guide | Judges 6:13–14 › Cross References
| The Lexham English Bible | |
| Genesis 25:2 | And she bore to him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. |
| Genesis 37:28 | Then Midianite traders passed by. And they drew Joseph up and brought him up from the pit, and they sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver. And they brought Joseph to Egypt. |
| Exodus 2:15–16 | 15 And Pharaoh heard this matter, and he sought to kill Moses, and Moses fled from Pharaoh, and he lived in the land of Midian, and he lived at a certain well. 16 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters, and they came and drew water and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock. |
| Exodus 3:2 | And the angel of Yahweh appeared to him in a flame of fire from the midst of a bush, and he looked, and there was the bush burning with fire, but the bush was not being consumed. |
| Exodus 3:4 | And Yahweh saw that he turned aside to see, and God called to him from the midst of the bush, and he said, “Moses, Moses.” And he said, “Here I am.” |
| Exodus 3:10–12 | 10 And now come, and I will send you to Pharaoh, and you must bring my people, the Israelites, out from Egypt.” 11 But Moses said to God, “Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh and that I should bring the Israelites out from Egypt?” 12 And he said, “Because I am with you, and this will be the sign for you that I myself have sent you: When you bring the people out from Egypt, you will serve God on this mountain.” |
| Exodus 18:1 | And Jethro, the priest of Midian, the father-in-law of Moses, heard all that God had done for Moses and for Israel, his people, that Yahweh had brought Israel out from Egypt. |
| Numbers 22:4 | And Moab said to the elders of Midian, “Now the crowd will lick up all around us, like a bull devours the grass of the field.” And Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time. |
| Numbers 22:7 | So the elders of Moab and the elders of Midian went with a fee for divination in their hand; they came to Balaam and spoke the words of Balak to him. |
| Numbers 25:15 | The name of the Midianite woman who was struck was Cozbi daughter of Zur, a leader of a tribe of the family in Midian. |
| Numbers 25:17–18 | 17 “Attack the Midianites and strike them 18 because they were attacking you with their deception, with which they have deceived you on the matter of Peor and on the matter of Cozbi the daughter of the leader of Midian, their sister who was struck on the day of the plague because of the matter of Peor.” |
| Numbers 31:2–3 | 2 “Seek vengeance for the Israelites on the Midianites; afterward you will be gathered to your people.” 3 Moses spoke to the people, saying, “Arm yourself from among your men for the battle, so that they will go against Midian to mete out the vengeance of Yahweh on Midian. |
| Numbers 31:7–9 | 7 And they fought against Midian just as Yahweh commanded Moses, and they killed every male. 8 They killed the kings of Midian in addition to the ones they had slain: Evi and Rekem and Zur and Hur and Reba, the five kings of Midian; they also killed Balaam son of Beor by the sword. 9 The Israelites took captive the women of Midian and their children, and they plundered all their domestic animals and all their livestock and all their wealth. |
| Deuteronomy 31:17 | And my anger shall flare up against them on that day, and I will forsake them, and I will hide my face from them, and they shall become as prey, and disasters and troubles shall find them, and they shall say on that day, ‘Is it not because our God is not in our midst that these disasters have found us?’ |
| Joshua 1:9 | Did I not command you? Be strong and courageous! Do not fear or be dismayed, for Yahweh your God is with you wherever you go.” |
| Joshua 3:5 | And Joshua said to the people, “Sanctify yourselves, because tomorrow Yahweh will do wonders in your midst.” |
| Joshua 4:6 | so that this may be a reminder among you. When your children ask in the future, saying, ‘What do these stones mean to you?’ |
| Joshua 4:21 | And he said to the Israelites, “When your children ask in the future their parents, ‘What is the meaning of these stones?’ |
| Judges 4:6 | She sent and called for Barak son of Abinoam from Kedesh Naphtali and said to him, “Has not Yahweh the God of Israel commanded you? ‘Go, march to Mount Tabor, and take ten thousand men from the descendants of Naphtali and Zebulun. |
| Judges 6:1 | The Israelites did evil in the eyes of Yahweh, and Yahweh gave them into the hand of the Midianites for seven years. |
| Judges 6:36 | Then Gideon said to God, “In order to see that you will deliver Israel by my hand, just as you have said, |
| Judges 7:1–2 | 1 Then Jerub-Baal (that is, Gideon) rose early, and all the army that was with him. They were camped beside the spring of Harod; the camp of Midian was north of the hill of Moreh, in the valley. 2 And Yahweh said to Gideon, “The troops that are with you are too many for me to give Midian into their hands; Israel will boast, saying, ‘My hand has delivered me.’ |
| Judges 8:1 | The men of Ephraim said to him, “What is this thing you have done to us, not calling us when you went to fight against the Midianites?” And they quarreled with him severely. |
| Judges 10:1 | After Abimelech, Tola son of Puah son of Dod, a man of Issachar, rose up to deliver Israel; and he was living at Shamir in the hill country of Ephraim. |
| 1 Samuel 9:16 | “This time tomorrow I will send to you a man from the land of Benjamin, and you must anoint him as leader over my people Israel. He will deliver my people from the hand of the Philistines. For I have seen the suffering of my people, because their cry of distress has come to me.” |
| 1 Samuel 12:11 | So Yahweh sent Jerub-Baal and Bedan and Jephthah and Samuel. Then he delivered you from the hand of your enemies all around, and you lived in security. |
| 1 Samuel 16:1 | Then Yahweh said to Samuel, “How long will you mourn about Saul? I have rejected him from being king over Israel! Fill up your horn with oil and go. I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have chosen a king for myself among his sons.” |
| 2 Samuel 7:22 | Therefore you are great, my lord Yahweh, for there is no one like you, and there is no god except you, in all that we have heard with our ears. |
| 1 Kings 11:18 | They had set out from Midian until they came to Paran where they took men from Paran with them and came to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt. He gave to him a house and assigned food for him and gave him land. |
| 2 Kings 14:27 | Yahweh did not decree to blot out the name of Israel from under the heavens, so he saved them by the hand of Jeroboam the son of Jehoash. |
| 2 Chronicles 15:2 | And he went out before Asa and said to him, “Hear me, O Asa and all of Judah and Benjamin! Yahweh is with you while you are with him. And if you will seek him he will be found by you. But if you forsake him he will forsake you. |
| Psalm 44:1 | O God, we have heard with our ears; our ancestors have told us of work you worked in their days, in days of old. |
| Psalm 44:9–16 | 9 Surely you have rejected and disgraced us, and have not gone out with our armies. 10 You have caused us to pull back from the enemy, and so those who hate us have plundered for themselves. 11 You have given us as sheep for food, and among the nations you have scattered us. 12 You have sold your people cheaply, and did not profit by their price. 13 You have made us a taunt to our neighbors, a derision and a scorn to those around us. 14 You have made us a byword among the nations, a shaking of the head among the peoples. 15 All day long my disgrace is before me, and the shame of my face covers me, 16 because of the voice of the taunter and the reviler, because of the enemy and the avenger. |
| Psalm 78:3 | that we have heard and known, and our ancestors have told us. |
| Psalm 83:9 | Do to them as you did with Midian, as with Sisera, as with Jabin at the wadi of Kishon. |
| Psalm 89:49 | Where are your former acts of loyal love, O Lord, that you swore to David by your faithfulness? |
| Isaiah 9:4 | For you have shattered the yoke of its burden and the stick of its shoulder, the rod of its oppressor, on the day of Midian. |
| Isaiah 10:26 | And Yahweh of hosts is going to swing a whip against him, as when Midian was defeated at the rock of Oreb; and his staff will be over the sea, and he will lift him up as he did in Egypt. |
| Isaiah 59:1 | Look! The hand of Yahweh is not too short to save, and his ear is not too dull to hear. |
| Isaiah 60:6 | A multitude of camels shall cover you, the young male camels of Midian and Ephah. All those from Sheba shall come; they shall bring gold and frankincense, and they shall proclaim the praise of Yahweh. |
| Isaiah 63:15 | Look from heaven, and see from the lofty residence of your holiness and glory. Where are your zeal and strength? Your compassion and mercy to me hold themselves back. |
| Jeremiah 1:7 | But Yahweh said to me, “You must not say, ‘I am a youth,’ for to whomever I send you, you will go, and whatever I command you, you will speak. |
| Jeremiah 23:33 | “Now when this people, or a prophet, or a priest, ask you, saying, ‘What is the burden of Yahweh?’ then you shall say to them, ‘You are the burden, and I will forsake you, declares Yahweh.’ |
| Jeremiah 23:39 | Therefore look, here I am, and I will surely lift you up and forsake you and the city that I gave to you and to your ancestors from my presence, |
| Jeremiah 25:15 | For thus said Yahweh, the God of Israel, to me, “Take this cup of the wine of wrath from my hand, and you must give it to all the nations to whom I am sending you to drink. |
| Ezekiel 2:3–4 | 3 And he said to me, “Son of man, I am sending you to the Israelites, to nations who are rebelling, who rebelled against me, they and their ancestors, they transgressed against me until this very day. 4 And the children are impudent and stubborn, and so I am sending you to them, and you must say to them, ‘Thus says the Lord Yahweh!’ |
| Hosea 9:12 | Even though they bring up their children, I will bereave them before maturity. Woe to them indeed, when I depart from them! |
| Habakkuk 3:7 | Under affliction I saw the tents of Cushan; the tent curtains of the land of Midian trembled. |
| Malachi 4:5 | Look! I am going to send to you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and awesome day of Yahweh! |
| John 20:21 | So Jesus said to them again, “Peace to you. As the Father has sent me, I also send you.” |
| Hebrews 11:32–34 | 32 And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell about Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, and Samuel and the prophets, 33 who through faith conquered kingdoms, accomplished justice, obtained what was promised, shut the mouths of lions, 34 extinguished the effectiveness of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong from weakness, became mighty in battle, put to flight enemy battle lines. |
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